| Expressions | Examples |
| Because + subject + verb As + subject + verb Since + subject + verb | He missed the train because he got up late. As it was raining, the kids couldn’t play outside. He didn’t go to school since he had a bad cold. |
| Due to + noun Because of + noun Owing to + noun Thanks to + noun | They cancelled the tennis match because of the bad weather. Due to sickness, Jack couldn’t go to work last week. Jane got the highest grade in math owing to her hard work. Thanks to his savings, he managed to launch his own business. |
